Caregiving
Caregiving recommendations seek to mobilize family, friend and other caregivers to complement the formal service system in providing the support older adults need to remain independent. They call for raising community awareness of the vital role family caregivers play and improving caregivers' access to information, education and support services.
Desired Outcome
Personal, community and cultural supports for successful caregiving are strengthened.
Background
Almost all older adults in Kent County want to stay in their current homes - but more than a third of them fear they won't be able to. They cite financial uncertainty and questions about their ability to care for themselves as they age as key reasons for their concern.
One in five older adults in Kent County provide regular help or care to a family member, friend or neighbor who is unable to do some things for themselves due to sickness or disability. One-fourth of these unpaid caregivers say they get no respite from these responsibilities. And when the tables are turned and older adults in Kent County need this kind of informal caregiving support for an extended period of time, nearly a third say they don't know of anyone who could provide it.
According to most estimates, Kent County's aging population will double in the next 30 years. Strengthening the informal caregiving system of support in Kent County will help many older adults "age in place" - meeting their expressed desires and providing a cost-effective alternative to more formal systems of care.
Older Adults as Caregivers in Kent County
More than 12,600 older adults make up a significant informal network of support for the frail and disabled in Kent County.
Although most provide caregiving for relatives, a full 36 percent regularly help their neighbors and friends with activities they are unable to do themselves due to sickness or disability.
Older caregivers dedicate a substantial number of hours each week to helping their family or friends. Among those who provide care:
- 18% devote more than 10 hours per week
- 23% four to ten hours
- 34% one to three hours
- 25% could not assess how many hours they spend on caregiving.
The mean number of hours of those who provide caregiving is 19.8 hours per week. That means that older adults in Kent County are providing about 250,000 hours of care per week to family and friends - unpaid and, for one in four of these caregivers in Kent County, without respite. The fact that nearly 80% of the older adult caregivers in Kent County have been providing this help for a year or more underscores the importance of ensuring that they themselves have access to respite and a formal system of support.
Formal Support for Older Adults Providing Care
Why are one in four older adult caregivers not getting respite from their responsibilities? It could be that they are not familiar with community services: among all of the older adults in Kent County who were surveyed:
- 41% did not know if respite services were available in Kent County
- 15% did not know if a visiting nurse was available
- 21% did not know if a home health aide was available.
Does the Informal Support System Work for Everyone?
Nearly all (99%) of Kent County seniors reported having someone they could contact at any time of the day or night if an emergency situation arose. That number falls to 87% when Kent County's older adults are asked if they feel they have someone who would help them if they were sick for a short period of time, such as if they had the flu. The percentage drops even further when older adults are asked if they have someone who would help for a long period of time if they should become sick or disabled. Nearly one-third do not know of any family member or friend who could provide this kind of long-term help.
Recommendations
Outreach and Access
Goal 1
Increase the number of caregivers who have access to and receive appropriate caregiver information and support.
Objectives
- Strengthen existing Information and Referral programs, as well as Outreach and Assistance providers' ability to assess family caregiver needs (through use of effective caregiver assessment protocols) and to make appropriate referrals (i.e., targeted support and follow-up).
- Enhance caregiver telephone and web-based support by providing an information and assistance counseling line/service that is available beyond traditional hours.
- Create an understanding of caregiver "reachable moments" among health care and aging service providers.
- Integrate or link caregiver information to proposed single-point-of-entry system.
Advocacy
Goal 2
Encourage community-wide recognition of the contributions of family caregivers and advocate for enhanced support.
Objectives
- Develop partnerships with Advocates for Seniors, Disability Advocates and other disease-related advocacy groups to share information that will lead to increased advocacy, community awareness and appreciation for family caregiver issues. Strategies include legislative advocacy in the areas of Lifespan Respite legislation, Census tracking of caregivers, financial support through tax credits or other mechanisms.
- Create a community awareness initiative - including outreach to employers and younger persons - to provide for community dialogue on the place of family caregiving. Strategies include continued media communication efforts and targeted campaigns.
Caregiver Services, Choices and Convenience
Goal 3
Increase the number of caregivers who utilize caregiver education and support services.
Objectives
- Expand services to provide a continuum of education and support including: skill training, church-led and counselor-facilitated support groups, and varied education programs - to address legal issues, financial planning, chronic conditions, self care strategies etc.
- Increase respite options.
- Create a service delivery system which includes web-based client records and links intake and service records electronically.
- Offer consumer choice options - for example, by providing families with direct payments that they can apply to paying for the caregiver resources that they consider most appropriate.
Work Group
During the winter and spring 2005, the Caregiver Resource Network devoted significant time during their monthly meetings to study and analysis of the Caregiving issue area for Creating Community for a Lifetime (CCFL). Members offered insights into the AdvantAge Initiative Survey of Older Adults in Kent County findings, considered best practices, and developed the CCFL Caregiving recommendations. The Caregiver Resource Network is a collaboration of West Michigan organizations dedicated to providing for the needs and welfare of family and professional caregivers in the community.
Members
- Nora Barkey - Area Agency on Aging of Western Michigan
- Robert Barnes - Senior Neighbors, Inc.
- Cindy Beel-Bates - GVSU, Kirkhof College of Nursing
- Angela Bergsma - Holland Home
- Sarah Bolter - Elder Consult, Spectrum Health
- Cathy Brady - Pine Rest
- Cindy Coco - Advanced Professional Home Health Care
- Pamela Coleman - Grand Rapids Community College
- Hanni Epp - West Michigan Caregivers Alliance
- Stephanie Erickson - Holland Home Care and Hospice
- Michael Faber - Grand Rapids Community College
- Sherry Gaines - Hope Network Behavioral Health Services
- Lois Horstman - Heartland Home Health Care & Hospice
- Margaret Howard - Crystal Manor Assisted Living Facility
- Michael Jankowski - Heartland Home Health Care & Hospice
- Morgan Lambert - Area Agency on Aging of Western Michigan
- Todd Langejars - Comfort Keepers
- Christiana Leitch - Alzheimer's Association
- Tomme Maier - American Red Cross
- Sue Marsh - Thresholds Inc.
- Judith Maxim - Hope Network Behavioral Health Services
- Barb Nelson - Area Agency on Aging of Western Michigan
- Jerry O'Bee - O'Bee Long Term Care Planning
- Jackie O'Connor - Area Agency on Aging of Western Michigan
- Lois Patten - Area Agency on Aging of Western Michigan
- Cindy Streekstra - Gerontology Network
- Jeffrey Swain - Homewatch CareGivers of West Michigan
- Gloria Van Haitsma - Evergreen Commons Senior Center
- Pam Van Spyker - Lutheran Social Services of Michigan
- Lucia Dvorak Yeager - Easter Seals of Michigan